"Isolated material particles are abstractions, their properties being definable and observable only through their interaction with other systems. Everything we call real is made of things that cannot be regarded as real."---Neils Bohr
This is something I am beginning to realize myself--that our concept of things being real and in-themselves and irreducible discrete objects is absurdly flawed. That as quantum physics has shown us, everything comes down to relationships and laws and ideas. IOW, abstractions of our own minds. But does such apply to the macro level as well?
Take a house for instance. Something we immediately and conveniently regard as a thing in itself and not an abstraction. But upon examining the house, we only turn up spaces and forces and materials that impart to the whole house its entire character and identity. The house it appears becomes less a thing in itself and more of a template or a matrix or even an interlocking blueprint of geometrical relationships. Nothing in its composition is necessary for the house to exist. Every house can have a totally different structure and materials and still be defined as a member of the set "house". House it seems is a mere generalization or category--a mental abstraction allowing us to conveniently regard all houses as being one thing or one object when in fact it is simply a concept and not real in itself.
Isn't it strange then how our entire physical world of so-called real things can themselves only be known and experienced as real to the degree that they are also abstractions of thought? That identity or being only gets imposed over phenomenally present properties by our own thoughts, real only to the extent that they are made up of mere abstractions? Is there in the end any difference between real and abstract? Between physical objective things and the ideational forms they take? More specifically, might they be but two sides of the same coin?
"In Kantian philosophy, "things in themselves" (noumena) are often understood as abstractions—or more specifically, the result of a process of abstraction. They represent objects considered independently of our sensibility, space, time, and conceptual categories. Kant suggests that to know the "thing in itself," one must abstract from all sensory conditions.
Key Aspects of Things in Themselves as Abstractions:
Methodological Abstraction: Kant uses the concept to mean looking at objects while abstracting away (removing) the conditions of human sensibility and understanding.
Independent Reality: They represent what is thought to exist independent of our perception, distinguishing them from appearances (phenomena).
Negative Definition: In many contexts, a thing-in-itself is simply the concept of an object that is not a phenomenon, meaning it is defined by what it lacks (sensory experience).
Necessary Postulate: While unknowable, the concept is necessary to ground our experience, acting as the presumed reality behind what we perceive.
This abstraction analysis implies that the "thing in itself" is not a second, separate world, but rather a way of considering the same world, separated from our human modes of observation."
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"The map is not the territory reminds us that our mental models of the world are not the same as the world itself. It cautions against confusing our abstractions and representations with the complex, ever-shifting reality they aim to describe."---
https://fs.blog/map-and-territory/