Yesterday 05:42 PM
(This post was last modified: Yesterday 05:51 PM by C C.)
(Yesterday 03:22 PM)Magical Realist Wrote: [...] That because all qualia are innately private and mental, we have no ability to know if they are representative of anything real at all. Because all humans have the same bodies and brains and sensory organs, the color red MAY be consistent across all humans, but that doesn't mean its objectively true or representative of any objective thing or state.
Instead of a metaphysical belief, terms like "objective" and "outer environment" and "mind-independent" have to be grounded in the extrospective or external half of experience. Objects residing in the latter, for instance, do not obey one's personal will. They follow their own rules (independent in that context). And other people have access to those items (they're intersubjective or public, unlike personal thoughts). It's that outer-oriented part of qualitative manifestation that the idea of an ultimate reality was originally abstracted from, not vice versa.
Even science begins with things that are empirical or subject to detection, and abstract description is derived from such entities and events of the phenomenal world (not the other way around). If the abstract description is pseudo-reified because it is so useful at predicting things, then that's just methodological ontology (like methodological naturalism). Metaphysical dogma begins when -- as in philosophical naturalism -- the "as if it was the case" is dropped and the individual fully believes it without any (unobtainable) demonstration that such truly is the noumenon.
Kant’s Transcendental Idealism: Kant is an empirical realist about the world we experience; we can know objects as they appear to us. He gives a robust defense of science and the study of the natural world from his argument about the mind’s role in making nature. All discursive, rational beings must conceive of the physical world as spatially and temporally unified, he argues.
And the table of categories is derived from the most basic, universal forms of logical inference, Kant believes. Therefore, it must be shared by all rational beings. So those beings also share judgments of an intersubjective, unified, public realm of empirical objects.
Hence, objective knowledge of the scientific or natural world is possible. Indeed, Kant believes that the examples of Newton and Galileo show it is actual. So Berkeley’s claims that we do not know objects outside of us and that such knowledge is impossible are both mistaken.
[...] Another way to understand Kant’s point here is that it is impossible for us to have any experience of objects that are not in time and space. Furthermore, space and time themselves cannot be perceived directly, so they must be the form by which experience of objects is had. A consciousness that apprehends objects directly, as they are in themselves and not by means of space and time, is possible[1] ... but our apprehension of objects is always mediated by the conditions of sensibility. Any discursive or concept using consciousness like ours must apprehend objects as occupying a region of space and persisting for some duration of time.
[1] By an intuitive intellect, Kant refers to a hypothetical non-human mind which possesses "intuitive understanding" as opposed to the sensible intuition and discursive understanding he ascribes to the human intellect. It's introduced as a kind of epistemological foil (since it can't be completely ruled out that some entity might have the capacity to apprehend things in themselves).
Quote:While our common language seems to coin that "what it's likeness" as a true reference and public fact of the world, it's really just accepted as such because it works at helping us get along and to live successfully in the world with each other. Like how we all agree our money represents the same thing for all of us even though it isn't really representing anything objective at all. It's real or true functionally or pragmatically but not necessarily objectively or semantically. Words then more like tokens objectified only in how they are being exchanged and used instead of as objectively faithful representations of or true references to objectively real states or objects.
Language (and related) is the actual set of representational affairs. The view that the outer half of experience is representative of noumena is speculative (the phenomenal world is actually what's fundamental or given without extended rational inferences). But that said, "words" are sounds, images, tactile events (braille), and potentially even odor signaling. So they are part of the phenomenal world themselves, yet they do still play that secondary, representative role of being communication tokens for the other phenomena as well as for abstract, created conceptions. Computers and AI consequently deal in nothing but representation (symbol grounding problem).

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