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Bottled water microplastics not harmful + Reality behind cannabidiol’s medical hype

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Microplastics Found In Bottled Water Is Not Harmful, WHO Says (physiology)
https://www.medicaldaily.com/microplasti...who-441635

INTRO: A recent World Health Organization (WHO) analysis of research on microplastics in bottled water said that microplastics exceeding 150 micrometers are not likely to be absorbed by the body. The data available does not conclusively state that microplastics are a bane to health. However, the ingestion of smaller microplastic particles is limited while the absorption rate could be slightly higher for nano sized particles.

The size is important to note because the review explained that over 150 micrometers sized microplastic particles are not as common as the smaller particles. Sometimes, the smallest particles are less than 1 micrometer in size in bottled water. The presence of plastic polymers in water is not considered harmful since it has low toxicity levels and is not easily absorbed into the intestine. On the contary, studies in the past have thrown up some worrying results about microplastics entering the gut, since it could release harmful chemicals, leading to oxidative stress.

“Based on the limited information we have, microplastics in drinking water don’t appear to pose a health risk at current levels. But we need to find out more. We also need to stop the rise in plastic pollution worldwide,” Dr Maria Neira, Director of the Department of Public Health, Environment and Social Determinants of Health at WHO, said. In the press release issued on Thursday, the WHO called for further research to study the impact of microplastics on human health since the current research available is not reliable. (MORE)



The reality behind cannabidiol’s medical hype (pharmacology)
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02524-5

INTRO: Cannabidiol (CBD) is an illegal drug with no redeeming value. It is also a useful prescription medicine for epilepsy, with considerable potential for treating numerous other conditions. And it is a natural dietary supplement or ‘nutraceutical’ with countless evangelists in the health and wellness community. Although contradictory, all three statements are true from different perspectives, and clinical researchers are frustrated.

“In New York City, you can go to a latte shop and get a CBD product, but if I want to do a clinical trial, I’ve got to get a 2,000-pound safe and go through six months of paperwork and licensing,” says Orrin Devinsky, director of the NYU Langone Comprehensive Epilepsy Center in New York City. Like the cannabis plant from which it is derived, CBD, a type of cannabinoid, is classified by the US Drug Enforcement Administration in the same way as are heroin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) — schedule 1 substances with “high potential for abuse” and “no currently accepted medical use”.

This flies in the face of current evidence. Numerous studies have shown that CBD is a safe and non-habit-forming substance that does not produce the ‘high’ associated with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive component of cannabis. In 2018, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determined that Epidiolex — a purified CBD product developed by GW Pharmaceuticals in Histon, UK — effectively reduces the frequency of seizures in certain rare forms of paediatric epilepsy. This approval has heartened the cannabinoid research community, which has long recognized the medicinal potential of CBD but come up against scepticism and regulatory constraints on the road to the clinic.

But at the same time, the many manufacturers that promote CBD-laden oils, lotions and foods as a panacea for various health issues, often with minimal regard for local laws or medical evidence, are putting CBD’s medical advocates in an uncomfortable position. “I get calls and e-mails all the time — not just from families, but from physicians who have no clue how to address the requests they get from patients,” says Yasmin Hurd, director of the Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai in New York City. “It’s a real problem.” (MORE)
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