Middle-aged brain stories on NPR:1)friendships, 2)Peak intelligence

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"This, along with the results of our study suggests that this group of individuals may find it more difficult to find safe jobs and integrate and engage with society, thus putting them at greater risk of premature death." - http://www.npr.org/2016/03/16/470635733/...thier-life

by Barbara Bradley Hagerty
"Now, researchers typically talk about two aspects of intelligence. One is crystallized intelligence.

"Crystallized intelligence is our accumulated experience and skills, general knowledge, vocabulary that we learn across our lifespan, so to speak," says Susanne Jaeggi, a cognitive neuroscientist and my guide through my brain training experiment.

This crystallized intelligence can keep rising through your 60s and 70s.

And then there is fluid intelligence.


"We talk about fluid intelligence when we mean our ability to solve new problems or approach or reason without relying on previously acquired knowledge or skills or experience," Jaeggi says.

Think: Sherlock Holmes.

Fluid intelligence is thought to be limited by your genes and generally begins to decrease after your 20s.

Jaeggi, who now teaches at the University of California at Irvine, says scientists have long thought that you cannot increase fluid intelligence. But Jaeggi and Martin Buschkuehl, her colleague and her husband, wondered about that. They decided to focus on working memory — that is, your ability to hold information in your head as you manipulate, juggle and update it.

"Working memory ... is kind of the cardiovascular functioning of the brain," Jaeggi says.

She says working memory is an underlying brain mechanism. It's critical to higher cognitive skills such as reading, math and fluid intelligence. So, just as jogging boosts your cardio system and can make you better at other activities like climbing stairs or swimming, the same may be true of your brain.

"If we can strengthen working memory skills, we might see benefits on all other tasks that rely on the functioning of the working memory system, such as fluid intelligence or reading comprehension or others," she says." - http://www.npr.org/2016/03/15/469822325/...he-decline
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