Research  Human moral agency irreplaceable in the era of artificial intelligence

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https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1119507

INTRO: As artificial intelligence (AI) rapidly integrates into clinical settings—from predicting patient outcomes to deploying humanoid "robotic nurses"—an article published in the Hastings Center Report warns that the core of nursing, its moral agency, must remain a human-driven responsibility.

The article, What Does Moral Agency Mean for Nurses in the Era of Artificial Intelligence?, explores the growing tension between advanced algorithmic capabilities and the ethical obligations of the world’s most trusted profession.

While AI systems can now simulate empathy and generate context-aware responses, Penn Nursing’s Connie M. Ulrich, PhD, RN, FAAN, the Lillian S. Brunner Chair in Medical and Surgical Nursing, Professor of Nursing, and Professor of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, and her co-authors argue that AI lacks sentience, intentionality, and accountability. The authors define a moral agent as a person capable of discerning right from wrong and being held accountable for their actions.

Key findings from the article include:
  • AI as "Moral Zombies": The authors note that algorithms lack the sentience required for true moral accountability.
  • The Relational Value: Nursing is characterized by a "therapeutic presence" and an intuitive exchange of shared humanity that algorithms cannot replicate, particularly in sensitive areas like end-of-life care.
  • A Growing Industry: The global robotic nurse industry is projected to reach over $2.7 billion by 2031, underscoring the urgency of establishing ethical guardrails.
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