https://iai.tv/articles/quantum-physics-..._auid=2020
EXCERPTS: . . . In Europe, the 6th century BCE Greek philosopher Heraclitus recapped monism in his fragment “from all things One and from One all things”, while his contemporary Parmenides describes “The One” as an indestructible, eternal, and timeless whole.
Around the same time the Pythagoreans, a close-knit group of mathematician-philosophers, taught that “the One is the principle of all things” and that “matter and all beings have come into being from it.” Many of these threads converged in the philosophy of Plato who is said to have taught monism as a secret, unwritten doctrine at his academy.
Later Neoplatonists such as the third-century-CE philosopher Plotinus who described “The One” as “all things in a transcendental way”, “the source of all things” or “Being’s generator”, became champions of monistic philosophy in the Roman empire. Everything but antipodal to science, it was a blend of Platonic and Pythagorean ideas with its decisive monistic flavor that inspired Copernicus and Kepler to search for harmonies in the cosmos, and Newton to devise his law of universal gravitation.
[...] But what happened in Europe that led this powerful philosophical tradition become all but forgotten? And why is it that we can expect a revival of monistic philosophy from modern science? At least one crucial factor for the extensive decline of monistic philosophy in Western Europe was the dominant and political role attained by monotheistic religions, chief among them Christianity.
[...] Christianity prevailed but inherited monistic ideas in their reincarnation as "pantheism" or "panentheism" where the universe was identified with God. ... But Christianity didn’t draw on monism alone.
“Manichaeism,” named after its Persian prophet Mani, advocates a worldview quite opposed to monism, claims that the world is caught in an epic struggle between good and evil. Through Manichaeism and similar philosophies, “dualistic” concepts such as angels and demons, God and devil, and heaven and hell received their prominent role among Christian beliefs.
[...] In the centuries after, politics will influence religion, religion will shape philosophy and philosophy will harm science. ... In monotheistic religions such as Christianity, God is understood as different from the world that he governs from the outside. In fact, if God was everywhere, no cast of priests would be required as an intermediary for the believer to get in contact.
As a consequence, monism became to be seen as a heresy. Wherever taken up and permitted, though, thinking of “The One” from now on becomes associated with a transcendent realm, with inwardness and escapism, mysticism, and esotericism.
[...] Enter quantum mechanics, the physics behind nuclear energy, computers, solar cells and MRI scanners. Quantum mechanics comes with two related processes that can both justify monistic philosophy and resolve its biggest problem. The first of these processes is known as entanglement, pointed out by Einstein and collaborators some 80 years ago and the topic of the 2022 physics Nobel prize. Entanglement describes how in quantum systems objects get so completely and entirely merged that it is not possible at all to say anything about the properties of their subsystems anymore.... (MORE - missing details)
EXCERPTS: . . . In Europe, the 6th century BCE Greek philosopher Heraclitus recapped monism in his fragment “from all things One and from One all things”, while his contemporary Parmenides describes “The One” as an indestructible, eternal, and timeless whole.
Around the same time the Pythagoreans, a close-knit group of mathematician-philosophers, taught that “the One is the principle of all things” and that “matter and all beings have come into being from it.” Many of these threads converged in the philosophy of Plato who is said to have taught monism as a secret, unwritten doctrine at his academy.
Later Neoplatonists such as the third-century-CE philosopher Plotinus who described “The One” as “all things in a transcendental way”, “the source of all things” or “Being’s generator”, became champions of monistic philosophy in the Roman empire. Everything but antipodal to science, it was a blend of Platonic and Pythagorean ideas with its decisive monistic flavor that inspired Copernicus and Kepler to search for harmonies in the cosmos, and Newton to devise his law of universal gravitation.
[...] But what happened in Europe that led this powerful philosophical tradition become all but forgotten? And why is it that we can expect a revival of monistic philosophy from modern science? At least one crucial factor for the extensive decline of monistic philosophy in Western Europe was the dominant and political role attained by monotheistic religions, chief among them Christianity.
[...] Christianity prevailed but inherited monistic ideas in their reincarnation as "pantheism" or "panentheism" where the universe was identified with God. ... But Christianity didn’t draw on monism alone.
“Manichaeism,” named after its Persian prophet Mani, advocates a worldview quite opposed to monism, claims that the world is caught in an epic struggle between good and evil. Through Manichaeism and similar philosophies, “dualistic” concepts such as angels and demons, God and devil, and heaven and hell received their prominent role among Christian beliefs.
[...] In the centuries after, politics will influence religion, religion will shape philosophy and philosophy will harm science. ... In monotheistic religions such as Christianity, God is understood as different from the world that he governs from the outside. In fact, if God was everywhere, no cast of priests would be required as an intermediary for the believer to get in contact.
As a consequence, monism became to be seen as a heresy. Wherever taken up and permitted, though, thinking of “The One” from now on becomes associated with a transcendent realm, with inwardness and escapism, mysticism, and esotericism.
[...] Enter quantum mechanics, the physics behind nuclear energy, computers, solar cells and MRI scanners. Quantum mechanics comes with two related processes that can both justify monistic philosophy and resolve its biggest problem. The first of these processes is known as entanglement, pointed out by Einstein and collaborators some 80 years ago and the topic of the 2022 physics Nobel prize. Entanglement describes how in quantum systems objects get so completely and entirely merged that it is not possible at all to say anything about the properties of their subsystems anymore.... (MORE - missing details)