Amazing historical factoids

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The Romans discovered the therapeutic value of lithium thousands of years before John Cade rediscovered it in 1948 as a treatment for manic depression.

Roman physicians would send patients to bathe in springs in western and southern Europe that contained the highest natural concentration of lithium salts in Europe.

The ancient Greeks and Native Americans also bathed in mineral waters that probably contained lithium.

These cultures attributed healing properties to the mineral springs, even though they didn't know about lithium.

Lithium is a metal that's found in mineral springs, seawater, granite, meteorites, the sun, and every other star and all humans. It's so reactive with the nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen in air that it would tarnish black and may combust if left out.

Lithium is now used as a treatment for bipolar disorder and is considered a gold standard in psychiatry. It's also used to treat other conditions, including major depressive disorder and Alzheimer's disease."
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"Beginning in the 13th century the mentally ill, especially women, began to be persecuted as witches who were possessed. At the height of the witch hunts during the 15th through 17th centuries, with the Protestant Reformation having plunged Europe into religious strife, two Dominican monks wrote the Malleus Maleficarum (1486) as the ultimate manual to guide witch hunts. Johann Weyer and Reginald Scot tried to convince people in the mid- to late-16th century that accused witches were actually women with mental illnesses and that mental illness was not due to demonic possession but to faulty metabolism and disease, but the Church’s Inquisition banned both of their writings. Witch-hunting did not decline until the 17th and 18th centuries, after more than 100,000 presumed witches had been burned at the stake (Schoeneman, 1977; Zilboorg & Henry, 1941)."---- https://nobaproject.com/modules/history-...al-illness
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Henry Ford built a car out of hemp plastic that ran on hemp fuel almost a century ago.
Ford's 1941 bioplastic Model T was made of hemp, flax, wheat, and spruce pulp, which made the car lighter than fiberglass and ten times tougher than steel, wrote the New York Times on February 2, 1941. The car ran on ethanol made from hemp or other agricultural waste.
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"Arnold Reuben, owner of Reuben’s Restaurant and Delicatessen and The Turf Restaurant, is credited with creating the New York cheesecake in the 1920s. His cheesecake recipe, also known as Jewish cheesecake thanks to his heritage and the recipe’s kosher ingredients, was allegedly a favorite of actors and actresses seeking late night indulgence after shows. In 1950, Junior’s opened in Brooklyn and has been a king among New York cheesecake makers ever since. “My grandfather said, ‘If you’re going to open a restaurant in New York, you’ve got to have great cheesecake,’” says Alan Rosen, third-generation owner at Junior’s."
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"Peace on Earth is a common wish during the Christmas season, and for a short time during World War I, it actually came true. In December 1914, Allied and German troops had been mired in the brutal conditions of trench warfare on the Western Front for months. Pope Benedict XV had tried and failed to facilitate a temporary Christmas ceasefire, and morale on the front lines was low. Then, on Christmas Eve, an odd sound rang out across the battlefield: German soldiers were singing carols. British soldiers sang back, and soon, men from both sides cautiously ventured into the no man’s land between their lines.

Although spontaneous, it was a ceasefire after all. What followed between the soldiers was nothing short of extraordinary: They exchanged handshakes, wine, cigarettes, and laughs. Records including soldiers’ diaries and letters also describe fir trees glowing with candles lining German trenches; other accounts describe impromptu games of a ball being kicked around, although it’s likely that tales of full-fledged soccer games between enemy soldiers have been exaggerated over time.

The truce, though widespread, wasn’t universal: It’s estimated that about two-thirds of the stationed troops, or around 100,000 people, participated, and commanders on both sides ultimately discouraged the fraternization, worried it would undermine the war effort. It didn’t last all that long, either. In some areas, the fighting resumed by Christmas night; in others, the spontaneous spirit of peace stretched into the following days."
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"In 1803, a round vessel drifted ashore on the Japanese coast and a beautiful woman emerged, wearing strange clothing and carrying a box. She was unable to communicate with the locals, and her craft was marked with mysterious writing. This story of an utsurobune, or “hollow ship,” in the province of Hitachi (now Ibaraki Prefecture) is found in many records of the Edo period (1603–1868), and Tanaka Kazuo, professor emeritus at Gifu University, has studied the topic for many years. What drew him away from his main research area, applied optics, to investigate this curious episode? And what really took place?

“Like a Flying Saucer”

Tanaka says he began to research the ship after the deadly subway sarin attacks in 1995 by the Aum Shinrikyō cult. “There was a lot of coverage of Aum founder Asahara Shōkō's prophecies and claims to be able to float in the air. Yet the cult’s senior members were part of the scientific elite. I started giving lectures considering paranormal phenomena from a scientific perspective, which meant that I was collecting all kinds of materials for teaching, such as about UFOs in the United States and Japanese folklore. While doing so, I came across the utsurobune legend.” He adds, “Long before the American UFO stories, the craft depicted in Edo-period Japanese documents for some reason looked like a flying saucer. This was fascinating to me.”

UFOs became a modern sensation after the media reported US businessman Kenneth Arnold as having witnessed “flying saucers” on June 24, 1947. A flood of similar stories followed from around the world. Most famously, a UFO was alleged to have crashed to the ground near Roswell, New Mexico, in July 1947. “In the end, though, no wrecks or alien bodies were recovered,” Tanaka says. “There was only the ambiguous testament of witnesses. It was the same with all the other UFO stories from around the world—they were mysteries without any substantial evidence. The utsurobune legend, however, has a number of documents to examine as leads, so in this sense, for researchers it’s a mystery with substance.”

https://www.nippon.com/en/japan-topics/g00879/


[Image: LEIoXaF.jpeg]
[Image: LEIoXaF.jpeg]

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"The history of "loitering" laws primarily stems from England's "Poor Laws" during the Elizabethan era, where large numbers of unemployed people roaming the streets led to concerns about crime, resulting in laws against "vagrancy" which often included prohibitions on loitering, essentially criminalizing idleness in public spaces; these laws were then carried over to the American colonies and later became widespread across the United States, with a particularly problematic history of being used to target marginalized groups, especially African Americans, through discriminatory enforcement."
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