"Electricity made development of effective A/C units possible. In 1901, American inventor Willis H. Carrier built what is considered the first modern electrical air conditioning unit.[21][22][23][24] In 1902, he installed his first air-conditioning system, in the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company in Brooklyn, New York;[25] his invention controlled both the temperature and humidity, which helped maintain consistent paper dimensions and ink alignment at the printing plant. Later, together with six other employees, Carrier formed The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America, a business that in 2020 employed 53,000 people and was valued at $18.6 billion.[26][27]
In 1906, Stuart W. Cramer of Charlotte, North Carolina was exploring ways to add moisture to the air in his textile mill. Cramer coined the term "air conditioning", using it in a patent claim he filed that year as analogous to "water conditioning", then a well-known process for making textiles easier to process. He combined moisture with ventilation to "condition" and change the air in the factories, controlling the humidity so necessary in textile plants. Willis Carrier adopted the term and incorporated it into the name of his company.[28]
Domestic air conditioning soon took off. In 1914, the first domestic air conditioning was installed in Minneapolis in the home of Charles Gilbert Gates. It is, however, possible that the huge device (c. 7 × 6 × 20 ft) was never used, as the house remained uninhabited[17][29] (Gates had already died in October 1913).
In 1931, H.H. Schultz and J.Q. Sherman developed what would become the most common type of individual room air conditioner: one designed to sit on a window ledge. The units went on sale in 1932 at US$10,000 to $50,000 (the equivalent of $200,000 to $1,100,000 in 2022.)[17] A year later the first air conditioning systems for cars were offered for sale.[30] Chrysler Motors introduced the first practical semi-portable air conditioning unit in 1935,[31] and Packard became the first automobile manufacturer to offer an air conditioning unit in its cars in 1939."--==--=== https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioning
"The world record for most lightning injuries is Roy Sullivan, a park ranger for Shenandoah National Park. Between 1942 and 1977, Sullivan was struck by lightning seven separate times. Though he sustained burns from his hair and clothes catching fire, he survived all seven strikes. He died by taking his own life in 1983 at the age of 72.
Suicidal thoughts are another symptom experienced by some lightning survivors, who can experience severe pain and recovery problems following the event, Steve Mashburn, whose back was broken in a 1969 lightning stroke, told The Washington Post. Mashburn runs an international support group for lightning survivors."
"When the Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama set sail with 160 men to discover a new route to India in 1497, he did not know that his journey would lead to another important discovery: scurvy (severe deficiency of vitamin C). Scurvy is a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C is essential for may natural processes in the body one of which is collagen production. Without vitamin C collagen cannot be produced and tissues start to break down leading to the symptoms of scurvy.
The disease has been alluded to in many historical texts as far back as Hippocrates in the 5th century all the way to the crusades where the first comprehensive description of the disease was recorded. There are also legends of Christopher Columbus’s sailors dying of scurvy wishing to be put ashore on a tropical island. Upon foraging and eating the tropical fruit the sailors were cured and found alive and well months later on the return journey.
In the notes of the Portuguese writer Alvaro Velho on Vasco da Gama’s first journey to India, he describes the agony and pain that the crew members with scurvy suffered during their long voyage. At that time, scurvy was an unknown ailment and the symptoms experienced by the sailors were something of a mystery. The restorative effects of fresh fruit and vegetables were first published in 1636 by John Woodall dubbed the father of naval hygiene. It was over a hundred years later in 1747 that James Lind demonstrated that consumption of citrus fruit prevented and even cured scurvy, although he did not know why. Zip on another 40 years and the British Navy finally make lemon juice a requisite for all naval voyages.
Everything became clear in 1933 when Norman Haworth deduced the chemical structure of vitamin C. This showed that vitamin C is fundamental for our body and since the human body is not able to produce it, vitamin C has to be obtained through the diet.
It is estimated that around 1 million men died at sea from scurvy between 1600 and 1800 from a disease whose cure was described early on by many maritime doctors."--- https://www.nutrivitality.com/health-blo...-c-scurvy/
"Mary Mallon (September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938), commonly known as Typhoid Mary, was an Irish-born American cook believed to have infected between 51 and 122 people with typhoid fever. The infections caused three confirmed deaths, with unconfirmed estimates of up to 50. She was the first person in the United States identified as an asymptomatic carrier of the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella typhi. She persisted in working as a cook and thereby exposed others to the disease. Because of that, she was twice forcibly quarantined by authorities, eventually for the final two decades of her life. Mallon died after a total of nearly 30 years in isolation. Her popular nickname has since gained currency as a term for persons who spread disease or other misfortune, not always aware that they are doing so."----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Mallon
"The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier serves as a symbolic grave for all war dead whose remains have not been found or identified.
The Tomb began with one unknown service member from World War I, and today is the grave of three unidentified service members. Its meaning has evolved to represent the memory of all military members throughout American history.
The construction of the final design of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, as it appears today, was completed in 1932.
Designed in the Beaux Arts-style with neoclassical elements, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier features three sculpted figures representing Peace, Victory and Valor on the east panel.
Sculpted wreaths adorn the north and south panels.
The Tomb’s inscription reads: “Here Rests in Honored Glory an American Soldier Known but to God.”
There are actually four crypts. Three unknown American service members lie in separate crypts on the east plaza of the Memorial Amphitheater — one in the sarcophagus and two in crypts in front of it. The center crypt in front of the sarcophagus is empty.
Today, millions of people from around the world visit the Tomb every year, whether to honor military service and sacrifice; mourn a loved one; watch a wreath laying ceremony or the changing of the guard; or otherwise appreciate the history and meaning of the site.
The covering for the empty Vietnam War crypt bears the inscription: “Honoring and Keeping Faith With America’s Missing Servicemen 1958-1975.”
The Vietnam Unknown was interred on May 28, 1984, but was disinterred and identified as Air Force 1st Lt. Michael J. Blassie in 1998.
The Korean War and World War II Unknowns were interred on May 30, 1958.
Soldiers were first assigned to guard the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in 1926, to discourage visitors from climbing or stepping on it. In 1937, the guards became a 24/7 presence, standing watch over the Unknown Soldier at all times.
The changing of the guard takes months to perfect but only minutes to perform. The routine is characterized by practiced precision performed by sentinels who are members of the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment, known as “The Old Guard.” There has been a sentinel on duty in front of the Tomb every minute of every day since 1937.
Soldiers who volunteer to become Tomb Guards undergo a strict selection process and intensive training. Each element of the routine has meaning, with the number 21 repeated to represent the highest symbolic military honor that can be bestowed: the 21-gun salute."
"During the Second World War, the United Kingdom experienced frequent bombings and air raids by the Germans. Most of these attacks took place at night, which made it unsafe for many people to sleep in their own beds.
The Morrison shelter was a type of air raid shelter measuring 6 feet 6 inches long, 4 feet wide, and 2 feet 6 inches high. It was named after Herbert Morrison, who was then the UK’s Minister of Home Security. Morrison shelters were provided for free to households with a combined annual income of less than £400."
"Lobotomy is a controversial procedure that peaked in popularity during the 1940s. It was first performed in 1935 by Egas Moniz and then championed in the U.S. by Walter Jackson Freeman.
A lobotomy involves severing the nerve connections between the frontal lobe and other regions of the brain to reduce agitation, anxiety, and other symptoms of mental health conditions.
According to the scientists who pioneered the treatment, some patients improved after getting a lobotomy. But others developed apathy and a reduced ability to feel emotions. Some people became permanently incapacitated by the procedure, and in some cases, it was fatal.
The procedure eventually fell out of favor largely thanks to negative press and the growing availability of antidepressants and antipsychotics. Today, the procedure is banned in many countries and no longer performed in the United States."
"Wolfgang Pauli’s relationship with practical apparatus led to a phenomenon that became known as the Pauli effect. It is claimed that whenever Pauli entered a laboratory, equipment would suddenly break down. There are a number of documented cases of the effect. Pauli’s visit to an observatory coincided with damage to a refractor telescope. When he was travelling on a train, the cars behind his carriage decoupled whilst he carried on to his destination and on Pauli’s arrival at Princeton, an expensive new cyclotron caught fire. As a result of such reports, a university colleague banned Pauli from entering his laboratory. The legend of the Pauli effect led colleagues at a physics conference to set up a practical joke. They rigged a chandelier to come crashing down when Pauli entered the room. However, the apparatus became stuck and the chandelier remained suspended, which some have interpreted as further confirmation of the Pauli effect."--- https://spark.iop.org/pauli-effect
Jul 13, 2023 09:17 PM
(This post was last modified: Jul 13, 2023 09:49 PM by Magical Realist.)
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